Travel

Day 2, Almaty, Kazakhstan 🇰🇿 - May 1 2018

Big Almaty Lake: Falcon show

Pol, the “professor”, assisted by Sergei, the “victim”

Babushka, a fledgling 1 month, going to be a superstar assures Pol. Learns everyday. First thing he learns is to come to Pol. Pol hold out a chick, which babushka tosses down whole, then presents: fluffs out wings. (And then: another chick)

Tchaikovsky (originally Nutcracker, subs Tchaikovsky), a 1yr old owl. He is in “Kindergarten”: he learns to learn to come to the glove. Pol explains that we call an owl wise because his head is huge. But his head is not huge with brains but with EYES. Iris opening is instantaneous and pronounced, when looking at sky or at crowd. Belled, so can be found if hides in bush. Not caged. Usually nocturnal. Eats 3 to 4 chickens a day

Next is B-12 (born in 2012), a Seker Falcon, in “college”. Raised in captivity, so must be trained to fly. Whirls a decoy, then snatches away. Fed when catches decoy. The hood is the falcon’s trigger, he explains. (“You’re from America, you know trigger”). Falcon makes big flying loops of 100+ feet.

Questioned “how many hours a day do you train?” Pol answers “People too much care about number. Today I’ll count, you call me tomorrow. I don’t know.”

Next up is Evgeny Pavlov, Falcon. When hunting, goes to a big lake, releases falcon, who circles high above. Pol and dog flush the duck. Falcon strikes: ex-duck. Can kill any bird on the wing. Black kite is bigger, but at 100+ mph no matter. When hunting the falcon is free: can go at any time. The bigger the bird, longer the life. Pavlov is 25 years old.

Genghis Khan, Golden eagle: trained to catch a wolf. When the eagle strikes, the first thing the wolf does is WTF: an attack on a wolf never happens in nature. Only a special trained bird would be crazy enough to strike.

The next thing the wolf does is try to bite the eagle, so after first strike the eagle must clamp down on the wolf’s mouth, or no more eagle. The hunter then comes to finish the wolf. The eagle has four fingers. Two for holding, two for killing

Jacques-Yves Cousteau (for his big nose), Bald Eagle. Struck at chick in the pond.

Last is Mephisto, Bearded vulture. He’s shown us six birds of prey, but this one is a Pacifist. Eats bones. Hands Mephisto a 10 inch leg bone; the bird tosses his head back, the bone disappears, eaten whole.

Absolutely amazing, though very non-vegetarian.

Green Bazaar

Joined by alumna Бибилор Bibilov, and rejoined by Dimira and Aigirim.

Wonderful produce. Sample anything you see, sales folk are aggressive but sweetly so, will happily let you graze on anything you see. Haggling part of the fun, if you lean that way. Kimchi, other Korean foods. Good prices and quality — Aigirim, who hadn’t been in a while, said “I need to come here more often, the prices are so good”.

Warren of booths, mostly Western/Chinese or knockoff of Western goods. Per the alumns, the price and quality of the souvenir booths is reasonable; may see lower prices elsewhere but likely lower quality.

Bob bought a flamboyant fur hat.

Museum of Kazakh Music

Дудыга (dudyga), played by rotating so little balls hit the hide

Шанкобыз, a kind of jews harp.

The legend of the dombra: it originally had no hole, but there was a king whose son had died. Nobody would tell the king, but one dombra player volunteered. The king said, “for telling me bad news I shall kill you by pouring molten metal in your ear”. But the player replied, “I didn’t tell you bad news, the dombra did”. So the King poured molten metal onto the dombral and that’s how it got the hole.

Statue of Дина Нурпеисова (Dina Nurpeisova), born 1861 in Western Kazakhstan, a famous composer, singer, and dombra player. Composed many famous Kazakh songs.

Next room dedicated to the кобыз, a stringed wind instrument(?). Features a statue of Коркыт ата (Korkyt Ata, “Grandpa Korkyt”), a master kobyz player. Our host tells us that the sound of a kobyz is the sound of a crying soul.

They say the Korkyt dreamed of never dying: that if he rested on a boat going down the river and never stopped playing his kobyz, he’d never die. But of course after many years he fell asleep and a snake snuck onto the boat, administering a lethal bite.

His burial site has a special building with a hole, so that when the wind blows you hear a sound like the Kobyz playing. His music is still played by Kobyz artists today.

Airport for flight to Kyrgyzstan

Started raining at 2:30, when we went to museum, coming down steady but not overly so. Headed to airport at 3:30 for a 30 min short hop flight to Kyrgyzstan. Airport about a half hour out of town.

We have to go through a stupid number of checkpoints: check-in desk, passport, security gate, second boarding pass check for the terminal, boarding pass check boarding the bus to the plane, and a final boarding pass check from a single ponderous guard on the unsheltered stairs to the plane as a long line stewed in the rain. (Luckily only a light drizzle at this point, but I don’t think it would have been different in a downpour). Though this lowers the bar from TSA-level efficiency, the sum of these hindrances took far less time than for an easy trip through US domestic flight security.

Kazakhstan Overview

Peoples are 60 percent Kazakh 30 percent Russian, 10 percent other. In all, have 150 nationalities, a point of pride — mentioned by several alumni. Many Koreans all over; areas with Greeks, Uighur, Tatars (south), Germans (north). Kazakh Russians largely identify more as Kazakh than Russian: “they love horse meat”, says our host.

Pretty much everyone speaks Kazakh and Russian. Both languages are compulsory in school, as well as English. Most signage in Russian; official signage always in Kazakh/Russian/English. Most billboards in Russian, many in English (rarely in Kazakh only).

Major sports are boxing, wrestling, power lifting (as well as football ⚽️ of course).

Most Kazakhs are Muslim, but few are conservative. Saw almost no Burqas in two days in Almaty. Some people go to mosque 🕌 every Friday, but many are only occasionally observant. No pork served in restaurants though. People feel free to go in jeans to the mosque, but must cover head of course. Men and women mostly wear jeans and shirt when out on street, no real difference to Europe. Women often wear high heels for formal events same as elsewhere.

Weddings are a BIG deal in Kazakhstan. At the extremes people take out 20k$ loans to throw extravagant event. You hire DJ, band, toastmaster, dancers, .... Many Wedding palaces all over town, parks would be full of people taking photos. Many weddings during Ramadan. Very few during May: it’s considered bad luck for the marriage, because of a Russian proverb, “”. In the simple form there are two days of marriage, but it can even stretch to a full week.

In modern practice the guy proposes with a ring, but in traditional practice his parents give the fiancée earrings (diamond pref). There’s a sense in which they are “claiming” her: evident antipathy to the notion from our hosts.

Gifts are exchanged between families during the wedding.

Kazakh wedding:

  • Engagement: attended by both sets of parents and the bride (not groom); the groom’s parents give the bride earrings (“claiming” bride).
  • Next comes the bride’s wedding: her family and friends, plus say twenty spots for the groom’s relatives (кудалар). Wedding usually held in a Mosque. Wife can ask anything of the groom: house, jewelry, ...
  • Finally comes the groom’s wedding (next day, next month, something). This is attended by groom’s family and friends, with as well 20 or so from the bride’s side. Traditional to hire a toastmaster/dombral player. (A Dombral is a two-stringed instrument 🎻 similar to a balalaika). When the toastmaster calls out, the bride raises her veil — exposing her face — to families on the groom’s side; they must then pay money for being so greeted.

Arranged marriages still exist outside cities, and bride kidnapping still occurs in remote parts. Once the “bride” spends the night in the captor’s house she’s ruined for another marriage. Modern Kazakhs have a few children, but typically large families outside cities: Alya’s uncle has 8 kids.

Almaty

Almaty: Pronounced “alma-TEE”

Formerly western name “Alma Ata”, “Father of Apples” — mascot is the “Big Apple”, come ripe in the fall (but apparently not as good as in past: orchards cut for development.) Tons of trees all over city. Apple trees were in bloom with beautiful white flowers, lilacs with fragrant purple clusters. Tulips 🌷 originally come from Kazakhstan, imported to Netherlands

Mountains just outside city. Almaty navigated as “up” and “down” (which are South and North), not cardinal directions.

Almaty has an amazing new mayor, very excited about reforms eg many new bike lanes. Street cars, new buses, sold the boondoggle trams. (No biking during the winter, though.) Snow covers ground from November to March, sometimes April.

Stop lights and crosswalks have countdown timers for red and green conditions.

Trout farms around city, go there for dinner on a weekend. Ostrich farms too. Used for feathers, eggs and meat.

Temp was 81F during the day. Day 2 cooler, 70s, turning to rain.

Things we didn’t see:

Abai, the Kazakh Pushkin, runs from one side of city to the other. The Cultural Center (à la Lincoln Center) is on this street. Russian Circus Theater for another Kazakh writer Pamfilov walk to the ballet and opera house shops, ice cream, street artists Koktob trolley up a hill little zoo, see the whole city in lights. Three beautiful restaurants. Ferris wheel, carnival things.

Starbucks opened last year; Cheaper here in absolute terms (Americano 2$), but more expensive relative to Kazakh earnings. KFC is #1 fast food place 5 chicken wings for $5 equivalent.

Towering above the city is Peak Форманова (Formanova), 3800 m above sea level. Alia celebrated New Years on top.

Culture

Most kids live at home until married

Kazakh women in cities independent, work. Traditional practice bride moves to groom’s parents’ house after marriage. Grandparents key to childcare, kids may in some cases significantly live with them (commonly so over the summer). Both paternal and maternal grandparents provide coverage.

National drinks кумих (kumix), a fermented horse milk, and шубат (shubat), camel milk.

Geography

Kazakhstan has the second largest canyon in world Varied geography, even sand dunes (can snowboard)

Day 1: Almaty, Kazakhstan (April 30 2018)
  • Holidays today and tomorrow: May Day, Day of Unity день Еденства Dehn Yedenstva
  • Kazakhstan is very friendly to American Councils program, 126 students in flex program. Relatively easy for students to travel to US.

Orientation

Bus to tram to a skating rink at a ski resort high in Chimbulak, in the mountains. Largest ice rink in Central Asia, highest rink in world.

Dangerous mudslide area, so passed several large structures crossing the road to break up a mudslide:

(Image coming)

Bus broke down 15 minutes from Hotel... (Автобус не работает). If you’re going to break down, break down here:

(Image coming)

Driver fixed the bus (молодец!) but it broke down again shortly after. Alya summoned a new bus and in less than an hour (holy cow) we were on our way again.

Elementary lessons in Kazakh language

On the bus we were introduced to the Kazakh language by flex alumns Айгирим (Aigirim) and Дамира (Damira) flex alumna (Minnesota)

Kazakh is similar to the Turkish language, but with some unique sounds. 42(!) letters, one of the largest alphabets.. Currently uses Cyrillic alphabet, but it will be phased out — transitioned to Latin alphabet by 2025.

Kazakhstan trying to develop tourism. Increasingly, three languages: Kazakh, Russian and English. Kazakh and Russian are equal official languages. Almost everyone speaks both.

Extra letters from Cyrillic are a theta, h, i, schwa, barred у and г, hooked н and к: ѳ һ і ә ұ ғ ӊ қ

ғ, pronounced Xreh (hard romance R). The word for scientist is ғылыми, roughly “Xrylymi”

Some Kazakh words:

  • қала city
  • Астана , the capital, is the word for capital (Seoul, South Korea is the other capital that is the word for capital)
  • Сәлеметсіз бе Hello (formal)
  • Сәлем hi
  • Менiӊ атым my name is ...
  • қалин қалай how are you
  • Жақса мен doing well
  • қанша how much does it cost?
  • ѳте кѳп too much!
  • Рахмет Thank you

Шимбулак (Shimbulak)

Ski resort, lots of people up here because of holiday Snow in mountains will last to July

Coffee Company and Retro Soviet Cars

One Alumna’s father had a large property housing many dozens of vintage Russian cars; the cars belong to his friend.

All original Taxi Mmf 1945 Army truck “Black raven”, a KGB car Mini Jeep

Green 1950

Many post war handicapped, hand controls on several cars Yellow car is Ukrainian: very good in sand, for going to dacha. The movie Moscow in Tears features this car. Blue car, affordable and popular Gold one: same model Stalin drove Green bus was from Baikul, drove cosmonauts to launch

Coffee company

Next visited his company, housed in a new headquarters, designed by him and his wife from a bare lot. Comprises warehouse, offices, showroom. About six company cars for distributing supplies and maintenance trips. They service 200 machines across the city in 150+ locations. The company sells the machines, performs maintenance, and distributes supplies (coffee, powdered milk, cups, ...) Machines are made in Germany, Italy, and primarily Spain. KVC is a distributor for the machines directly within Kazakhstan, and to sub-distributors in neighboring countries. They handle coffee and cold beverage vending machines, as well as commercial machines for restaurants and offices. Demonstrated a vending machine with more than a dozen options: could make coffee, tea, hot chocolate. Cocoa was pretty tasty.

They buy coffee from Genoa, who buy it from source countries and prepare blends. All stuff made in Europe, even the cups — none manufactured in Kazakhstan. So it’s fifty cents for a cup of coffee from the machine: somewhat cheap relative to western prices, but expensive relative to Kazakh salary.

Son Кирилл (Kyril, 34) now runs company, has giant corner office with shower and couch. “When I built these offices I tried to think of everything so he can just work, no distractions”. Warehouse floor, optimized so trucks can pull up drop off and leave. Kyril watches everything, tracks all machines. 25 employees.

Panfilov Park

Named for president. Open 24/7.

Dinner

  • Чебуреки (chebureki) pierogies
  • плов (plov) rice with horse and lamb meat and carrots
  • Бешбармак (beshbarmak): means “five fingers”. horse meat with pastry

Women who order beer are served with a straw in the glass — delivers alcohol faster so they will be drunk sooner.

Arba wine, a Kazakh Riesling, highly regarded. Kolbasa in Kazakh means “made with hands”, some think Kazakhstan first to make sausage

US-Kazakhstan: Travel Days, 28-29 April 2018
  • Left DC at 3pm for Frankfurt. I slept most of the flight
  • Landed FRA 5:30 local and wait in airport until 1 pm. Tried to catch a Mr Mime to no effect.
  • Arrived Almaty KZ at 12 pm local time, get to hotel at 1am. (3:30 pm ET, 24 hours after boarding plane and 30 hours since waking on the 29th)

On arrival in Kazakhstan we must all fill out a slip of paper, on which there are placed TWO STAMPS. Check carefully: THE NUMBER OF THE STAMPS SHALL BE TWO. If one does not have the slip of paper with TWO STAMPS, dire complications ensue. The scrap of paper with TWO STAMPS must be kept with you at all times.

Stayed at Hotel Renion Park downtown Almaty. Modern, large rooms with fancy shower and huge breakfast buffet

Macedonia: Wednesday May 31 2017, Final Day (Day 11)

Archaeological Museum

300 denar, about $5.50. Took about an hour taking notes.

  • Paleolithic 50k-10k BCE. Earliest tools found 50,000-35,000 BCE in Veles and Gorno Porece. Worked bone and quartz, flint, basalt, opal.
  • Neolithic 6300-4200 BCE. Ceramic bowls, vessels and masks, small representative stone ornaments, jewelry. Some painted on outside
  • Eneolitic 4200-2200BCE, sophistication increases. Figurines depicting women with tattooed bodies, broken in fertility rituals.
  • Bronze Age 2200-1150BCE -- Ceramic relics from Bitola, elsewhere. Bronze knives, spear heads, jewelry
    • Paeonians identity develops in late Bronze Age, conquered by Persian and them Macedonian Kingdoms. Latter assimilated them, leaving a small kingdom in the north. Disappeared as separate identity when Romans conquered in 168 BCE.
  • Iron Age 1150-550 BCE: Gold leaf plating, most relics still Bronze (I assume iron artifacts didn't keep as well). Reconstruction of grave with bronze bracelets, shield, symbolic vessels. Iron swords, razors, knives much more poorly preserved. Swords were short, 2ft including haft
  • Classical Period 550-400 BCE -- Pottery has ornate figurative decoration, finely crafted. Beautiful old burial mask found in Ohrid. Silver, gold, glass and amber jewelry. Heavy iron spears, decorated bronze and iron helmets.
  • Hellenistic Period 323-168 BCE -- beautiful representational statues in bronze, ceramic. Rough marble workings. Glassware. Iron relics more common. Funerary urns.
  • Middle Age 5th-6th c CE -- bronze and silver artifacts with Christian symbolism, Terra-cotta icons
  • Early Medieval Period 6th-7th c. Slavs settlement in area. Artifacts in many respects cruder than in Hellenistic and Roman periods
  • Byzantine Period 9th-12th c. -- Constantinople fell in Fourth Crusade in 1204, disintegration followed and final collapse to Ottoman rule in 1453.
  • Late Medieval Period 13th-14th c.
  • Ottoman Period end of 14th c-1912 -- just a few artifacts from this period.

Coins

  • Early 400s BCE Macedonia one of the first regions in Europe to mint coins. Small silver size of a dime
  • Tetradrachms issued by Alexander the Great became key currency in Mediterranean. Gold bronze and silver.
  • In Roman times bi- and tri-metallic coins in gradations of value: staters, drachms, bronze chalks and obols, gold aureli and solidi, silver denarii, bronze sestercii.
  • Since metal was actually intrinsically valuable, common for people to cut coins in partial fractions

Roman Statues and Marble Relics

Heraklea in Bitola: Titus Flavius Orestes, high priest and benefactor of the city. Remains from Bitola, Prilep, Skopje, elsewhere. Replica (!) of Alexander Sarcophagus from Sidon, Phonecia. Inscribed Bust from Prilep Decree from Bitola, that Marcus Vettius Philonos left 1500 denarii to the Council on his death so that they would celebrate his benefactor's birthday each year.

Holocaust Museum

Free, no photos and guard made me turn iPad off. Beautiful stark glass and marble building on the center square of Skopje.

Balkan Jews came largely from Spain and Portugal. Sephardic, spoke Ladino. Rabbis, merchants, doctors, pharmacists. All Urban population: no Jewish farmers. Concentrated in Bitola, Split and Skopje. Under Ottoman rule were tolerated. Had self rule to a significant extent: community raised own taxes, judged Jew-Jew disputes, etc. Jews had to pay a tax to exempt from military service but otherwise government didn't harass them. Occasional outbursts of violence from general people or extortion from a corrupt politician.

Some Jews took part in Ilinden uprising and were involved in partisan warfare during WWII, one is a Macedonian Hero of the People. However nearly every Macedonian Jew (70k+) was deported to Treblinka and executed. The few remaining emigrated to Israel and today fewer than 500 Jews exist anywhere in Macedonia.

Old Bazaar

Amazing warren of stalls with everything from shoes to suits to hardware and auto parts. Leads into a daily green market with ridiculously good organic produce.

Used a cheat day to get a full meal of kebab, fries, bread and fixings with two sodas for 230 denar -- a bit over $4.

Mother Teresa House

  • 1910 Born Skopje
  • 1922 receives call to God,
  • 1929 moves to India, Teaches geography and catechism
  • 1946, receives "call within a call" to serve poorest of the poor. In 1948 receives permission to start mission of her own.
  • 1949 First candidate sister, Subashini Das (St Agnes MC) joins Mother Teresa
  • 1950 Missionaries of Charity Sisters officially established, 12 members
  • 1979 Nobel prize; 1980 Jewel of India; 1983 Order of Merit from QE
  • 2016 September Sainthood!

Things to see in Skopje

Old bazaar, holocaust museum Marcos Monastery beautiful and where you can get Rakia Macedonia for 91 days Archaeological sites all over city Gallery seven by the white mosque, lakhmajoon Stone Bridge by the horseman (Alexander the Great) bridge Mother Theresa

Ethnographic Museum Bit bazaar -- old bazaar -- other end of the golden street -- totally chaotic market

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Philip KromerComment
Macedonia: Tuesday May 30 2017, Day 10

Skopje

Capital, by far the largest and leading city of Macedonia. Sits upon the Varna river.

Terrible earthquake in 1963, destroyed 80% of buildings, killed 1000+ people. Streets in city center are named for cities from countries that helped rebuild.

More than 100 new monuments, part of Skopje 2014 (still in progress: "it's the Balkans"). Major effort to modernize central city. Monuments are popular with tourists but controversial among people: 500 million euros that could have done a lot of things directed only to Skopje city center. Also, the endemic corruption disappeared a lot of the money.

Outskirts of town

Drove through a Muslim neighborhood, nobody was out because it was Ramadan: people start the day much later to help with fasting. More of the "PR" mosques: funded by petro money.

Skopje tour

Drove by Zoo Administrative Buildings: Barracks of temporary buildings built after the earthquake and still used fifty years on City park and football stadium Government building: amazing marble columned facade Post office a communist brutalist horrorshow of a building Park of the women fighters, to the women who fought in WWII Old rail station, now a museum. Clock on the front stopped at the exact moment of the 1963 earthquake Beautiful Church of St Clement of Ohrid

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Fortress of Skopje

Oldest walls got to the sixth century. Original city existed from 2d c to 5th c, destroyed in earthquake. Rebuilt on hill of current fortress. Hill overlooks whole valley, defended by river on one side.

Millennium cross on hill opposite fortress hill. Skopje is in a valley, which leads to pollution problems

Church Sveti Spass (holy savior), built during Ottoman times. Ottomans wouldn't let them build tall so dug underground. Has tomb of Gotzen Delchev, a liberator of the country.

Old Bazaar

Merchants divided by kind, the jewelry district is what remains. Jewelry and souvenir ships with huge green market at the end of it.

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Big Square

Statue of Philip II Holocaust Museum, on the old Jewish quarter

Cyril and Methodist Clement and Naum

Main Square

Gigantic statue of Alexander the Great ("Ancient Warrior on a Horse" to palliate the Greeks)

Aside: the flag

Old flag was sixteen rayed yellow and red sun Again to deal with the Greeks they made current flag which is eight yellow (negative eight red, making sixteen again)

Mother Teresa

Born Skopje, went to Calcutta at age 18, the church she was baptized in is now a museum to her.

supermarket

Mina's coffee, mamas ajvar, slatko preserves

Canyon Maltka and Lake Matka

Diving, rock climbing, boating 200 species of Butterflies

Dam over the Treska river

Built 1939 Lake is called Matka, "womb", supposedly because of shape. Treska means "trembling" because of Rapids along the river.

St Andrea church

1389 by brother of King Marco Beautiful icons preserved since 14th c. Dedicated to St Andre, the first apostle Beautiful blue paint, made from a precious stone and as expensive as gold

Vrelo Cave

Vrelo means source Three parts one is underwater extends more than 250m under ground "Shishaka" or pine cone stalagmite, developed over millions of years.

Saw the water bubbling up from underground cave entrance

Visit to alumni Host family in Volkova

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Philip KromerComment
Macedonia: Monday May 29 2017 Day 9

Gastarbeiter houses -- diaspora people (Macedonians who went to work abroad) who,come back and build big gaudy houses for 150k+ Euros

Macedonian Politics

This of the three Macedonias Became independent in 1945, one of the six parts of Yugoslavia. In 1991 Macedonia left quietly by giving up entire military lock stock and barrel to Serbia. Since Serbs are a tiny and successful minority's in Macedonia, they were left be. Serbian Orthodox Church claims the property of Macedonian Orthodox Church but otherwise conflict free.

Birth rate among Albanians grew 400% while Slav population stagnated (low birth rate, emigration).
During the Kosovo, 300k ethnic Albanians welcomed by Macedonia, 200k stayed. Kosovo Liberation Army started guerilla actions, supported by western powers and supplied with guns from the Kosovo conflict. Agreement in 2001 left peace but unresolved demands like bilingual education everywhere

Two major Macedonian parties. Standing party got the plurality but lost the coalition. Violent protests, broke in to the parliament building.

2001 document says that the party that gets the most Albanian votes must be part of the Government. No other minority group has this. 120 seats in parliament. 50 by one party, 49 by second, four other parties took the remainder. A former member of the Kosovo Liberation was minister of defense(!) now speaker

President has powers to pardon crime or halt trials. He cancelled investigations into corruption of 50 some politicians for corruption.

To understand national politics need to understand local politics, local politicians, and international crime. Crime: drugs, human trafficking. Oh and oil money mixed with religious evangelism.

Ottoman Bridge

Eleski Skok "Deers Leap" 1700s. The technique to put all the rocks together so they hold was very impressive: all the rocks interlock.

Two young people were in love, but the Bey wanted to take the girl. The boy killed the Bey and was fleeing soldiers; he turned into a deer and leaped to the other side

Another story is that the Bey was hunting in the woods after a deer for several days. The deer leapt across and escaped, impressing the Bey who ordered bridge built.

Old Village of Janče Jанче

Modern Homes are owned by gastarbeiters

Zastava, sold under license by Fiat. Suicide doors. Common in Yugoslavia: cheap, small

St Jovan Bigorski Monastery

  • Dedicated to John the Baptist
  • Dates from 11th c
  • A monk had a dream about this place, found an old icon, started Monastery here.
  • Biggest and most beautiful iconostasis (cenotaph?)
  • Pilgrims from all over come here.
  • Respected by local Christians and Moslems as a holy place
  • Vulnerable to raiders, so there was a permanent guard in the towers
  • Fresco outside church: sinner being judged,

Driving from Monastery, passed the main national park in Macedonia, region with ski slopes and a large dammed lake.

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Brvenica

Tetova

One of the most diverse cities in Macedonia. Mixture of Albanian (mostly Muslims), ethnic Macedonians (Orthodox), Turkish (mostly Muslim) 60k citizens

Sharina Jamia -- Painted Mosque Шарина Уамja

First built in 1470s. Unlike most Mosques -- built by Pasha or Bey -- this was built for the graves of two women Shatravan water fountain used for ablutions. Before each 5x day prayer you clean yourself. In the late 1800s it was rebuilt to its current form. Mosque is painted similar to frescoes, rather than ceramic mosaics.

Bektashi Dervishes

Complex where Dervishes live. A type of Muslims More towards Shia, a bit more liberal. (women don't have to wears scarves, can drink alcohol, representative images, etc). These are in particular Baba dervishes. Baba means elder or wise man.

Dervishes go into trance to reach divine. Prayers from loudspeaker, was visiting during prayer time

Bektashi dervish was a jolly bearded man. Showed a photo of their Baba Edmund meeting the pope. Until 1925 seat was near Ankara Turkey. Hadji Beletas Veli is founder of their order, born in Iran in the 13th century, first Tekje founded. They believe the Islam of the righteous way, of tolerance and peace. Tekje is similar to a monastery. Allowed to get married, though the highest ones take a vow of celibacy. Don't know how many Bektashi there are because suppressed during Communist time. Spread out in Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania, Russia, Macedonia. No orders in the radical Islam countries like Saudi Arabia, etc A sub branch of Alevi which is Shia-ish Women are equal, do ceremonies together, can drink, etc.

Bektashi not a separate religion, it's a teaching Doctrine accepts anyone in principal. A person is born twice, physically and again spiritually. Must be vouched for by another person. Care about quality and righteousness not quantity of followers. They don't have obligatory 5x per day prayers, anyone can come in any time to pray. Three foci : Hands, tongue and torso. Monogamy, With hands you can do good and bad, work and fight. With tongue you can speak good or bad.

201705 - Arabati Baba Teke Dervish Monastery - Tetovo - Macedonia (FYROM), May 29, 2017 201705 - Arabati Baba Teke Dervish Monastery - Tetovo - Macedonia (FYROM), May 29, 2017

Democracy Lab, NGO founded by two American Council program Alumns

"A democracy that works for everyone" Two Macedonians and an American Peace Corps volunteer. One was a State Department fellow, previously development officer for local government. Met Emir, who was in another State Dept program. American Council gave support for their International Woman's Day event. Already have two grants, one from USID around civic engagement. Online platform to connect young people to ways they can engage politically. Other is with US Embassy on a program to combat extremism -- keep young people fro, becoming radicalized. Both programs are national: Karavatsi, Gostivar, Tetovo, one other.

201705 - Balkans - Democracy Lab Offices - 76 of 95 - Macedonia (FYROM), May 29, 2017 201705 - Balkans - Democracy Lab Offices - 76 of 95 - Macedonia (FYROM), May 29, 2017

Visit to Alumns house to see how Turkish Coffee is made

Draco, Simona, Simon. Nine years apart, born same day

  • Heaping teaspoon percup, then four cupfuls of water
  • Agroplod Macedonian coffee
  • 3-5 minutes, when you get small bubbles
  • Pour out in portions
  • Grandmother taught her
  • Engagement party the bride to be has the grooms family over and must prepare and serve properly the Turkish coffee to everyone. To the groom she serves the coffee salted -- if he'll tolerate that he'll stick with the bride even when times are rough.
  • Nachi cakes must be made with nurturing care so the dough unfold . Specific to Tetovo.
  • You spend hours drinking the coffee, it's a social event
  • Kids will play at telling the fortune from the coffee grounds.

Mosque loudspeakers' call to prayer loudly audible in the apartment

201705 - Balkans - Traditional Turkish Coffee Preparation - 79 of 101 - Macedonia (FYROM), May 29, 2017 201705 - Balkans - Traditional Turkish Coffee Preparation - 79 of 101 - Macedonia (FYROM), May 29, 2017

Skopje

Arrived Skopje

201705 - Balkans - Kale Fortress, Skopje Citadel - 82 of 101 - Skopje - Sopishte, May 29, 2017 201705 - Balkans - Kale Fortress, Skopje Citadel - 82 of 101 - Skopje - Sopishte, May 29, 2017

201705 - Balkans - Group Photo with Alumns, Skopje Citadel - 101 of 101 - Skopje - Sopishte, May 29, 2017 201705 - Balkans - Group Photo with Alumns, Skopje Citadel - 101 of 101 - Skopje - Sopishte, May 29, 2017

201705 - Balkans - St Clement and St Naum, Central Skopje - 87 of 101 - Skopje - Sopishte, May 29, 2017 201705 - Balkans - St Clement and St Naum, Central Skopje - 87 of 101 - Skopje - Sopishte, May 29, 2017

Philip KromerComment
Macedonia: Sunday May 28 2017: Day 8

Ohrid

Name of Ohrid: "hid" meaning hill, there was a woman whose man went away to war, she mourned in the hills "Ohrid" and threw herself off a cliff. So loosely "Hills of Sighs"

Ohrid Old City

201705 - Balkans - Lake Ohrid - 65 of 101 - Ohrid, May 27, 2017 201705 - Balkans - Lake Ohrid - 65 of 101 - Ohrid, May 27, 2017

Bay of Bones: Mitchov grad

Reconstructed water settlement, thatch huts. 8-12th c BCE Bones of animals found in the lake. Early settlers would hunt, throw bones of kill into lake, that drew fish they would catch

Roman watch tower reconstruction on hill overlooking bay

6000 remains of pillars from villages over time. 20 houses, 3 communal buildings. (Round ones were communal; used as meeting places, etc)

201705 - Balkans - Bay of Bones Museum - 68 of 101 - Ohrid, Ohrid, May 28, 2017 201705 - Balkans - Bay of Bones Museum - 68 of 101 - Ohrid, Ohrid, May 28, 2017

201705 - Balkans - Bay of Bones Museum - 69 of 101 - Nacionalen Park Galicica - Ohrid, Ohrid, May 28, 2017 201705 - Balkans - Bay of Bones Museum - 69 of 101 - Nacionalen Park Galicica - Ohrid, Ohrid, May 28, 2017

201705 - Balkans - Bay of Bones Museum Loom - 80 of 89 - Nacionalen Park Galicica - Ohrid, Ohrid, May 28, 2017 201705 - Balkans - Bay of Bones Museum Loom - 80 of 89 - Nacionalen Park Galicica - Ohrid, Ohrid, May 28, 2017

201705 - Balkans - Bob and Don and an Old Car - 61 of 95 - Nacionalen Park Galicica - Ohrid, Ohrid, May 28, 2017 201705 - Balkans - Bob and Don and an Old Car - 61 of 95 - Nacionalen Park Galicica - Ohrid, Ohrid, May 28, 2017

St Naum Monastery

Shrine of Saint Naum (830-910)

201705 - Balkans - Saint Naum Statue - 32 of 66 - Ohrid, Ohrid, May 28, 2017 201705 - Balkans - Saint Naum Statue - 32 of 66 - Ohrid, Ohrid, May 28, 2017

Statue of St Naum, carved a standing oak tree into image of St Naum in a fifteen hour stint using chain saw One monk, holds services Peacocks. About 20 of them, rage free. Nobody knows how they got here. Considered one of the miracles of St Naum Male Peacocks are the ornate ones. (As opposed to the Human Balkans, where the women are stunning and beautifully arrayed)

St Naum and St Clement both students of the great enlighteners, Cyril and Methodius Current church is rebuilt, dates from 15th c, interior from 18th c

St Naum died 910, buried here. Big pilgrimage destination. He is considered a miracle doer, especially for mental illness.

On the stream coming from the stream that feeds lake Ohrid Water is /crystal/ clear

201705 - Balkans - Lake Ohrid Panorama - 74 of 101 - Nacionalen Park Galicica - Ohrid, Ohrid, May 28, 2017 201705 - Balkans - Lake Ohrid Panorama - 74 of 101 - Nacionalen Park Galicica - Ohrid, Ohrid, May 28, 2017

Miracles of St Naum

  • Cured many people who were mentally ill, depicted in frescoes as lying prone or perhaps floating
  • A bear ate a peasant's ox, St Naum tamed the bear and made him serve the farmer for three years.
  • Horse thief stole a horse from the monastery; it led him back overnight to the monastery gates.
  • King Boris, fearing Naums popularity, imprisoned St Naum. Cured the Kings daughter; king gave him the lands for Monastery and supported church.

201705 - Sveti Naum (St Naum) Monastery - Ohrid, Ohrid, May 28, 2017 201705 - Sveti Naum (St Naum) Monastery - Ohrid, Ohrid, May 28, 2017

Lagoon Boat Tour

30 springs, most underwater but a few that trickle down Could see the water bubbling up through the sand Up to 3 1/2 meters deep and perfectly transparent

Lunch of Belvitsa, a fish endemic only to Ohrid. Desert was Tulumba and Baklava.

Folk Music at Lunch

201705 - Balkans - Macedonian Folk Songs at Lunch, Zdenka, Maria and Don - 75 of 101 - Nacionalen Park Galicica - Ohrid, Ohrid, May 28, 2017 201705 - Balkans - Macedonian Folk Songs at Lunch, Zdenka, Maria and Don - 75 of 101 - Nacionalen Park Galicica - Ohrid, Ohrid, May 28, 2017

Ajvar

Pepper paste (sweet not spicy peppers). It really is ubiquitous: all the Balkans on our trip -- very cosmopolitan all -- made homemade ajvar and made or had a relative who made Rakia.

Big thick meaty fully ripe Red peppers. Wash them and roast them on all four sides. Peel off the burned gloss skin, and discard the stem and seed, then wash again and drain very well. Then grind them, add salt a little bit of black pepper (and maybe a preservative). Huge pot with warm oil, put it in and mix until done.

Dinner: Macedonian Barbecue

Folk dancing! Traditionally dressed four guys four girls and a four piece band (drum, accordion, clarinet, guitar). A highlight.

  • Makedonsko Devojchek, others

201705 - Balkans - Folk Dancing - Ohrid, Ohrid - Ulica Kuzman Josifovski Pitu, May 28, 2017 201705 - Balkans - Folk Dancing - Ohrid, Ohrid - Ulica Kuzman Josifovski Pitu, May 28, 2017

Philip KromerComment